jaak panksepp google scholar
Later, Jaak became known as the “rat tickler”. 2018. Figure 1 Jaak Panksepp dedicated his professional career to the study of mammalian emotions (picture taken by Henry Moore Jr., CVM/BCU, Washington State University). "openAccess": "1", Camelia M. Kuhnen Professor of Finance and Sarah Graham Kenan Distinguished Scholar, UNC Kenan-Flagler Business School Verified email at kenan-flagler.unc.edu. ... Jaak Panksepp, a founding member of the Editorial Board of Personality Neuroscience, died on April 18, 2017. List of computer science publications by Jaak Panksepp. Neurostatistics: the anatomy of the brain/mind 5. A Brief Introduction To Jaak Panksepp's Scientific Career. Until his last days he was an enormously productive scientist fostering research across disciplines. G Northoff, A Heinzel, M De Greck, F Bermpohl, H Dobrowolny, ... Behavioral and Brain sciences 5 (3), 407-422, Consciousness and cognition 14 (1), 30-80, Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews 22 (3), 437-452, Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews 30 (2), 173-187, J Panksepp, BH Herman, T Vilberg, P Bishop, FG DeEskinazi, Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews 4 (4), 473-487. The scientist who coined the term affective neuroscience, Panksepp (1991, 1992), had the insight as a young clinical psychology … Sindermann, Cornelia To give an example: Montag and Panksepp (Reference Montag and Panksepp2017) demonstrated that PLAY might be the emotional foundation of extraversion. Among other things, he discovered that two kinds of aggression could be elicited through the electrical stimulation of the brain to discrete regions of the rat hypothalamus: the first type was an anger-type attack (RAGE) provoked in nature by bodily restraint (like when captured by a predator), or the protection of resources necessary for living (such as food); the second type would later be called a quiet-biting attack that was a function of the SEEKING system and in this case an extension of dopaminergic foraging behavior manifested as predation (Panksepp & Trowill, Reference Panksepp, Wright, Döbrössy, Schlaepfer and Coenen1971). Download for offline reading, highlight, bookmark or take notes while you read Affective Neuroscience: The Foundations of Human and Animal Emotions. Merker (Reference Montag and Panksepp2007) had shown that anencephalic human children likewise displayed a full complement of primary emotions. Since moving to Washington State University in 2006, Jaak seemed to be devoting more effort toward fulfilling his original dream of utilizing knowledge about mammalian emotions to develop psychiatric treatments. Google Scholar Citations. ... Jaak Panksepp, a founding member of the Editorial Board of Personality Neuroscience, died on April 18, 2017. 10 August 2018. Geverifieerd e-mailadres voor wsu.edu. view refined list in While many subcortical brain regions were genetically programmed, the neocortex had to be programmed by experience. Jaak Panksepp, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of VCAPP, Washington State University, PO Box 646520, Pullman, WA 99164-6520, USA. Response to commentaries (Target Article - Depression: an evolutionarily conserved mechanism to terminate protracted separation distress. PART I: CONCEPTUAL BACKGROUND 1. Davis, Kenneth L. Montag, Christian dismiss all constraints. You can help us understanding how dblp is used and perceived by answering our user survey (taking 10 … Box 647620, Pullman, WA 99164-7620 E-mail: [email protected] Author Contributions: J. Panksepp and J. S. Wright conceptualized and wrote the manuscript and the supplemental material available online. "metricsAbstractViews": false, List of computer science publications by Jaak Panksepp. Electrical stimulation of the brain, which Jaak would use as a tool throughout his professional career, provided a compelling demonstration of the evolved instinctual emotional roots embedded in the subcortical brain. He is deeply missed. Jaak also switched to exclusively study the science of joy and positive affect, because he was convinced that animals feel raw affects in many of the same ways as humans, with neural circuitries underlying these emotions being highly conserved evolutionarily across mammals (see also his interesting works on consciousness of animals and his interest in studying the human soul: Panksepp, Reference Panksepp1998, Reference Panksepp and Panksepp2005a, Reference Panksepp2007; Alcaro, Carta, & Panksepp, Reference Alcaro, Carta and Panksepp2017). dismiss all constraints. After a brief interlude studying energy balance and hunger, which he would later distinguish as a homeostatic rather than emotional affect, Jaak accepted a position in a burgeoning physiological psychology program at Bowling Green State University (BGSU). Namely, in what he would describe as “the most painful time of my life” (Panksepp, Reference Panksepp1998, cited from the preface), his 16-year-old daughter, along with three friends, was killed by a drunk driver, which precipitated an acute depressive episode in his life that significantly stalled the writing of his “Affective Neuroscience” (Panksepp, Reference Panksepp1998). Much later in 2011, Jaak was honored by the President of Estonia personally presenting him with the Order of the White Star. This research included an early demonstration of separation distress alleviation using low-dose morphine in canine puppies (Panksepp, Herman, Conner, Bishop, & Scott, Reference Panksepp, Jalowiec, DeEskinazi and Bishop1978)—one of many publications in this area, which fit in with his youthful goal of understanding emotions as the route to understanding psychopathology. Feature Flags last update: Wed Dec 30 2020 22:16:44 GMT+0000 (Coordinated Universal Time) "relatedCommentaries": true, The following articles are merged in Scholar. The seven sins of evolutionary psychology, Sleep as a fundamental property of neuronal assemblies. Professor of Neuroscience. }. Emotions Brain Psychiatry Consciousness. Affective Neuroscience: The Foundations of Human and Animal Emotions - Ebook written by Jaak Panksepp. Born in Estonia on June 5, 1943, his family escaped the ravages of post-WWII Russian occupation by moving to the United States when Jaak was still very young. By means of (i) electrical stimulation, (ii) pharmacological challenges, and (iii) brain lesions of vertebrate brains (mostly mammalian), Panksepp … of ?? Feature Flags: { It is the unique meeting of the founder of Affective … Montag, Christian Stanford University - Cited by 190,870 - nanotechnology - energy - environment - 2D materials - nanobio Encyclopedia of personality and individual differences, A novel NMDA receptor glycine-site partial agonist, GLYX-13, has therapeutic potential for the treatment of autism, The influence of culture on basic affective systems: The comparison of Turkish and American norms on the affective neuroscience personality scales, Validation de l’adaptation française de l’échelle neuro-affective de personnalité, Revue européenne de psychologie appliquée [European Review of Applied Psychology], Affective neuroscience: The foundations of human and animal emotions, Affective consciousness: Core emotional feelings in animals and humans, Emotional feelings originate below the neocortex: Toward a neurobiology of the soul, Affective neuroscience of the emotional brainmind: Evolutionary perspectives and implications for understanding depression, The archaeology of mind: Neuroevolutionary origins of human emotions. Jaak strongly believed that the neocortex was a “tabula rasa” brain region. ... Jaak Panksepp dedicated his life to the study of mammalian emotions. refinements active! CrossRef Google Scholar Thus, Panksepp’s ANT is a roadmap to study the neuroscientific basis of personality. "metrics": true, view refined list in Jaak Panksepp dedicated his life to the study of mammalian emotions. Elhai, Jon D. (Reference Elliot and Scott2016) demonstrated the successful treatment of suicidal ideation with low-dose buprenorphine, a “safe” opioid agonist–antagonist with a “ceiling effect” for respiratory depression. Emotional operating systems and subjectivity: methodological problems and a conceptual framework for the neurobiological analysis of affect 3. Het aantal in de tabel 'Geciteerd door' omvat citaties van de volgende artikelen in Scholar. Jaak Panksepp (Tartu, Estonia, 5 de junio de 1943 - Bowling Green (Ohio), 17 de abril de 2017) 1 fue un psicólogo, psicobiólogo y neurocientífico estadounidense de origen estonio. At the interface of the affective, behavioral, and cognitive neurosciences: Decoding the emotional feelings of the brain, The psychobiology of play: theoretical and methodological perspectives. The following articles are merged in Scholar. Google Scholar Citations. In this setting, Jaak began building on the work of pioneers like Hess (Reference Hubel and Wiesel1957) to understand what emotional insights could be revealed by probing the rat hypothalamus. In particular, Jaak Panksepp provides the knowledge and accuracy about the emotions which support and enlighten group analysis. ... Jaak Panksepp. ... J Panksepp, C Nocjar, J Burgdorf, JB Panksepp, R Huber. This was the mindset that the young Jaak took into graduate school where Jay Trowill, his major professor, gave him the space to explore his insights through experimental brain research. While his early career was characterized by the direct study of these primary emotions in mammals, in his late career he invested more and more time in applying his knowledge to different fields of psychology including personality neuroscience and psychiatry. Professor of Neuroscience. Jaak Panksepp, Thomas Fuchs, Paolo Iacobucci, The basic neuroscience of emotional experiences in mammals: The case of subcortical FEAR circuitry and implications for clinical anxiety, Applied Animal … (Reference Hess2015) Science paper reporting on the evolutionary expansion of the human neocortex by a single gene (shared by Neanderthals and Denisovans but not by other primates) that greatly expanded the human neocortex through increased basal progenitor proliferation. Of note, Jaak, in 2012, published an update of this influential book called “The Archaeology of Mind” together with Lucy Biven (Panksepp & Biven, Reference Panksepp and Biven2012). Total loading time: 0.412 Jaak put tremendous efforts into building bridges with other emotion theories such as Ekman’s facial theory of emotion (Montag & Panksepp, Reference Montag and Panksepp2016). Published online by Cambridge University Press: Specifically, by introducing a crude electrical stimulation to particular subcortical brain regions, such as the hypothalamus, one could elicit coherent complex emotional behavioral displays from the animal. This idea has not only been derived by stable associations across cultures (see references above) between individual differences in primary emotional systems as assessed with the ANPS and the Big Five personality model (e.g., as assessed with the NEO-Five Factor Inventory), but also from the fact that primary emotions are seated in ancient subcortical brain regions driving our behavior in a bottom-up fashion. In the light of the late criticism by constructivists in emotion research he pointed out that “A primary-process/basic emotion view may prevail in many subcortical regions, and constructivist/dimensional approaches may effectively parse higher emotional concepts as processed by the neocortex … In other words, such debates may simply reflect investigators working at different levels of control” (Panksepp, Reference Panksepp and Biven2010, p. 536). Born in Estonia on June 5, 1943, his family escaped the ravages of post-WWII Russian occupation by moving to the United States when Jaak was still very young. records. Jaak Panksepp, Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, P. O. Why is Panksepp’s theory of tremendous importance to study personality? The biology of social attachments: opiates alleviate separation distress. Their, This "Cited by" count includes citations to the following articles in Scholar. Jaak was a wonderful and warm-hearted colleague whose interest in the study of the human mind never ceased. The Philosophy of Affective Neuroscience Our symposium showcases the interdisciplinary cutting edge innovations of the cognitive sciences. Nature Reviews Neuroscience 9 (12), 910-919, J Panksepp, B Herman, R Conner, P Bishop, JP Scott, Developmental Psychobiology: The Journal of the International Society for …, Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews 8 (4), 465-492, New articles related to this author's research, Affective neuroscience: The foundations of human and animal emotions, Unconscious cerebral initiative and the role of conscious will in voluntary action, Self-referential processing in our brain—a meta-analysis of imaging studies on the self, The archaeology of mind: neuroevolutionary origins of human emotions (Norton series on interpersonal neurobiology), The role of nucleus accumbens dopamine in motivated behavior: a unifying interpretation with special reference to reward-seeking, Toward a general psychobiological theory of emotions, Affective consciousness: Core emotional feelings in animals and humans, Brain substrates of infant–mother attachment: contributions of opioids, oxytocin, and norepinephrine, The emotional sources of" chills" induced by music, Emotional sounds and the brain: the neuro-affective foundations of musical appreciation. By means of electrical stimulation of the brain and psychopharmacological challenges he carved out seven primary emotional systems being highly conserved across different species of … Query parameters: { zoomed in on ?? However, Jaak’s further insight was that the way to understand human emotions was to begin with animal experimental brain research. Try again later. See also his last efforts to find consensus between more affective and cognitive driven neuroscientists (Panksepp et al., Reference Panksepp, Lane, Solms and Smith2017). In particular, the construction of the Affective Neuroscience Personality Scales (ANPS; Davis & Panksepp, Reference Davis and Panksepp2011; Davis, Panksepp, & Normansell, Reference Davis, Panksepp and Normansell2003) together with Ken Davis made it possible to apply Jaak’s theory to many areas of psychology—this scale is available in many languages including English (Davis, Panksepp, & Normansell, Reference Davis, Panksepp and Normansell2003), German (Reuter, Panksepp, Davis, & Montag, Reference Sahley and Panksepp2017), Italian (Pascazio et al., Reference Reuter, Panksepp, Davis and Montag2015), French (Pahlavan, Mouchiroud, Zenasni, & Panksepp, Reference Panksepp2008), Spanish (Abella, Panksepp, Manga, Bárcena, & Iglesias, Reference Abella, Panksepp, Manga, Bárcena and Iglesias2011), Turkish (Özkarar-Gradwohl et al., Reference Pahlavan, Mouchiroud, Zenasni and Panksepp2014), Chinese (Sindermann et al., Reference Sur, Garraghty and Roe2018), and a Japanese version from Keichi Narita’s group that will be published soon. Montag, Christian Affective neuroscience: history and major concepts 2. Jaak also frequently cited Mriganka Sur’s work showing that auditory cortex could process visual stimuli when thalamic inputs were neonatally rerouted (e.g., Sur, Garraghty, & Roe, Reference Yovell, Bar, Mashiah, Baruch, Briskman, Asherov and Panksepp1988; Sharma, Angelucci, & Sur, Reference Sindermann, Luo, Zhao, Li, Li, Kendrick and Montag2000). "languageSwitch": true In particular, for neuroscientific-oriented personality psychologists, Panksepp’s ANT provides researchers with abundant biological candidates to be tested for linkages to human personality. It was such experience that gave this gifted student the insight that the key to understanding psychopathology and human behavior was first to understand emotions, an insight more likely to be made by an idealistic young mind given the behavioristic and learning theory zeitgeist prevailing in American psychology at that time. "subject": true, Jaak felt that Hubel and Wiesel’s (Reference Merker1959) work with feline vision was strong evidence that sensory processing had to be “programmed” into the cortex confirming that cortical processes were not genetically determined. Since 2003 until early 2017, Jaak invested substantial time to bring his affective neuroscience theory (ANT) to other research areas including (neuroscientific-oriented) personality psychology (Davis & Panksepp, Reference Davis and Panksepp2011; Davis, Panksepp, & Normansell, Reference Davis, Panksepp and Normansell2003; Montag & Panksepp, Reference Montag and Panksepp2017a, Reference Montag and Pankseppb). Their combined citations are counted only for the first article. Montag, Christian Lester, David Les émotions, objet d’étude neuroscientifique relativement récent encore, ne sont plus considérées aujourd’hui comme des perturbations, du « bruit de fond » brouillant le signal de la raison, mais comme une composante cruciale de la vie psychique .Le modèle des neurosciences affectives élaboré par Jaak Panksepp … The authors have nothing to disclose. There he began pursuing his “opioid hypothesis,” which closely followed the discovery of opioid receptors as well as endogenous opioids in the brain. Jaak Panksepp (June 5, 1943 – April 18, 2017) was an Estonian neuroscientist and psychobiologist who coined the term "affective neuroscience", the name for the field that studies the neural mechanisms of emotion. refinements active! Jaak capitalized on Scott’s (Elliot & Scott, Reference Florio, Albert, Taverna, Namba, Brandl, Lewitus and Huttner1961; Davis, Gurski, & Scott, Reference Davis, Gurski and Scott1977) ongoing work in social attachment and separation distress at BGSU, and he guided many students within a cross-species research program that delineated the anatomical and pharmacological dynamics of the separation distress experience. List of computer science publications by Jaak Panksepp. The biology of social attachments: Opiates alleviate separation distress, Opiates and play dominance in juvenile rats, Reconciling cognitive and affective neuroscience perspectives on the brain basis of emotional experience, Effects of neonatal decortication on the social play of juvenile rats, Positive and negative contrast in licking with shifts in sucrose concentration as a function of food deprivation, Affective neuroscience strategies for understanding and treating depression, Validation of the Italian translation of the affective neuroscience personality scales, Affective neuroscience personality scales (ANPS) – Deutsche Version, Brain opioids and autism: An updated analysis of possible linkages, Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, Induction of visual orientation modules in auditory cortex, High ANGER and low agreeableness predict vengefulness in German and Chinese participants, Experimentally induced visual projections into auditory thalamus and cortex, Ultra-low-dose buprenorphine as a time-limited treatment for severe suicidal ideation: A randomized controlled trial, https://doi.org/10.5209/rev_SJOP.2011.v14.n2.38, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2011.04.004, https://doi.org/10.1080/15294145.2003.10773410, https://doi.org/10.1080/00221325.1961.10534386, https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.1959.sp006308, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X07000891, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11031-016-9570-x, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2011.06.006, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40167-014-0021-9, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erap.2007.08.004, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2004.10.004, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X07001094, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9384(03)00159-8, https://doi.org/10.1037/0735-7044.99.3.441, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.09.010, https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9384(94)90285-2, https://doi.org/10.1016/0023-9690(71)90047-6, https://doi.org/10.2466/08.09.PR0.116k13w4, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2017.09.004, https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2015.15040535. On a more joyful note, Jaak was able to watch his younger son, Jules, complete a PhD in neuroscience at BGSU and continue on to gain his own independent research footing. Search across a wide variety of disciplines and sources: articles, theses, books, abstracts and court opinions. His last book called “The Emotional Foundations of Personality” will be posthumously published in 2018 (Davis & Panksepp, Reference Davis and Panksepp2018). He realized that brain science techniques had developed the tools to support “preclinical” research that could help clinical psychology escape the orbit of traditional speculation-based clinical theory into a new sphere in which psychiatric treatments could be based on brain research—this was very much in the tradition of Ivan Pavlov. 2019. and Jaak’s work with opioids eventually led to his contributions to the treatment of autistic children with naltrexone (an opioid blocker; e.g., see Sahley & Panksepp, Reference Sharma, Angelucci and Sur1987). Google Scholar provides a simple way to broadly search for scholarly literature. Markett, Sebastian and Always written in capital letters to designate their specific scientific meaning, he labeled them SEEKING, LUST, CARE, PLAY (positive emotions) and RAGE, FEAR, SADNESS (negative emotions), which also have been described in detail in his classic textbook “Affective Neuroscience” originally published in 1998. "comments": true, You can help us understanding how dblp is used and perceived by answering our user survey (taking 10 to 15 minutes). Email: [email protected] Authors "isLogged": "0", Full text views reflects PDF downloads, PDFs sent to Google Drive, Dropbox and Kindle and HTML full text views. Altogether, Jaak was deeply skeptical about finding innate neural modules with distinct evolved functions in the recently expanded human neocortex with cortical plasticity being the norm and the spectacular representational and re-representational capacities of the human neocortex being acquired through experience likely guided by subcortical processes. In this realm he invested much energy into the International Neuropsychoanalysis Society. Further, as demonstrated in the decorticated rat pups, the neocortex was not necessary for the expression of primary emotions. Hostname: page-component-546c57c664-bp9h5 Jaak Panksepp, a founding member of the Editorial Board of Personality Neuroscience, died on April 18, 2017. By means of electrical stimulation of the brain and psychopharmacological challenges he carved out … In particular, Jaak Panksepp provides the knowledge and accuracy about the emotions which support and enlighten group analysis. Jules is currently in the Oregon Health and Science University Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, and in addition to his personal work, he and Jaak have published several joint articles, the most recent being a chapter on empathy in the APA Handbook of Comparative Psychology (Panksepp & Panksepp, 2017). The following articles are merged in Scholar. "peerReview": true, This data will be updated every 24 hours. The ones marked, Neurophysiology of consciousness, 269-306. Jaak Panksepp’s work, taken seriously, is capable of helping group and individual therapists and patients to track, understand and communicate feelings. Indeed, he provided evidence that play in these neonatally decorticated rats could not be reliably distinguished from sham-operated control rats. is funded by a Heisenberg grant awarded to him by the German Research Foundation (DFG MO2363/3-2). Wudarczyk, Olga A. An overview on candidates to be tested both on neurotransmitter/neuropeptide but also brain anatomical level in the context of personality neuroscience can be found in Montag and Panksepp (Reference Moskal, Burgdorf, Kroes, Brudzynski and Panksepp2017b) and in Montag and Davis (Reference Montag and Panksepp2018). for this article. Verified email at wsu.edu. “Laughing” rats and the evolutionary antecedents of human joy? For Jaak, this meant the prototypical “rough-and-tumble” mammalian PLAY system. He also helped coordinate work on deep brain stimulation to the medial forebrain bundle of treatment-resistant depression patients (Panksepp, Wright, Döbrössy, Schlaepfer, & Coenen, Reference Pascazio, Bembich, Nardone, Vecchiet, Guarino and Clarici2014). ... Jaak Panksepp dedicated his life to the study of mammalian emotions. Jaak Panksepp’s work, taken seriously, is capable of helping group and individual therapists and patients to track, understand and communicate feelings. By means of electrical stimulation of the brain and psychopharmacological challenges he carved out seven primary emotional systems being highly conserved across different species of mammals including homo sapiens. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings. 2019. This article gives a short overview on the life and achievements of Jaak Panksepp. Jawinski, Philippe ... Jaak Panksepp. records. His insight led him to pursue a graduate career in (what today would be called) the neuroscience of emotions at the University of Massachusetts. Google Scholar Watt, D. F., Panksepp, J. of ?? We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. } Jaak started his college education as an engineering student at the University of Pittsburgh but soon switched to clinical psychology. Conflicts of Interest. Davis, Kenneth L. If he had one last message to leave us, it would likely be to continue to focus on expanding the knowledge of primary-process mammalian emotions as understanding our subcortical brain may prove to be the limiting factor as we attempt to comprehend our human mind. ... J Panksepp, BH … Jaak Panksepp Professor of Neuroscience Verified email at wsu.edu. Born in Estonia on June 5, 1943, his family escaped the ravages of post-WWII Russian occupation by moving to the United States when Jaak was still very young. zoomed in on ?? Your help is highly … 2020. Pegasus International, Greensboro, NC, USA, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany, Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation/Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China, Reference Panksepp, Wright, Döbrössy, Schlaepfer and Coenen, Reference Florio, Albert, Taverna, Namba, Brandl, Lewitus and Huttner, Reference Panksepp, Jalowiec, DeEskinazi and Bishop, Reference Panksepp, Herman, Conner, Bishop and Scott, Reference Yovell, Bar, Mashiah, Baruch, Briskman, Asherov and Panksepp, Reference Sindermann, Luo, Zhao, Li, Li, Kendrick and Montag, Reference Özkarar-Gradwohl, Panksepp, İçöz, Çetinkaya, Köksal, Davis and Scherler, Reference Pascazio, Bembich, Nardone, Vecchiet, Guarino and Clarici, Reference Reuter, Panksepp, Davis and Montag, Reference Abella, Panksepp, Manga, Bárcena and Iglesias, Reference Pahlavan, Mouchiroud, Zenasni and Panksepp, Reference Panksepp, Lane, Solms and Smith, Reference Moskal, Burgdorf, Kroes, Brudzynski and Panksepp, Spanish validation of the affective neuroscience personality scales, The affective core of the self: A neuro-archetypical perspective on the foundations of human (and animal) subjectivity, Interaction of separation distress with fear in infant dogs, The brain’s emotional foundations of human personality and the affective neuroscience personality scales, The affective neuroscience personality scales: Normative data and implications, The emotional foundations of personality: A neurobiological and evolutionary approach, The development of emotional distress reactions to separation, in puppies, Human-specific gene ARHGAP11B promotes basal progenitor amplification and neocortex expansion, Receptive fields of single neurones in the cat’s striate cortex, Consciousness without a cerebral cortex: A challenge for neuroscience and medicine, Affective neuroscience theory and personality: An update, Primal emotional-affective expressive foundations of human facial expression, Primary emotional systems and personality: An evolutionary perspective.
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